{"id":1932,"date":"2022-09-01T14:33:35","date_gmt":"2022-09-01T12:33:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/participationfactory.com\/?p=1932"},"modified":"2022-09-01T14:33:35","modified_gmt":"2022-09-01T12:33:35","slug":"fenomen-starych-obchodnich-domu-souboj-minulosti-s-pritomnosti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/participationfactory.com\/cs\/fenomen-starych-obchodnich-domu-souboj-minulosti-s-pritomnosti\/","title":{"rendered":"Fenom\u00e9n star\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch dom\u016f: souboj minulosti s p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

(zdroj: architonic.com)<\/p>\n

Mohou se star\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed domy srovn\u00e1vat s\u00a0nale\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdmi n\u00e1kupn\u00edmi centry a\u00a0internetov\u00fdmi obchody? Daj\u00ed se jejich prostory pova\u017eovat za kulturn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky? M\u016f\u017ee ve\u0159ejnost porazit developery a pomoci z\u00e1chran\u011b historick\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch dom\u016f? Jak se daj\u00ed jejich prostory vyu\u017e\u00edt? Odpov\u011bd\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt participace.\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed d\u016fm na sv\u011bt\u011b byl otev\u0159en v\u00a0Lond\u00fdn\u011b v\u00a0roce 1796. V\u00a0\u010cesku jsme se toho do\u010dkali a\u017e v\u00a0roce 1871, kdy se otev\u0159el Haas\u016fv d\u016fm v\u00a0ulici Na P\u0159\u00edkop\u011b v\u00a0Praze, v n\u011bm\u017e v sou\u010dasnosti s\u00eddl\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed od\u011bvn\u00ed firma a je chr\u00e1n\u011bn jako n\u00e1rodn\u00ed kulturn\u00ed pam\u00e1tka. Ne v\u0161echny historick\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed domy v\u0161ak maj\u00ed takov\u00e9 \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. A\u010dkoliv zpoza reg\u00e1l\u016f odhaluj\u00ed cenn\u00e9 architektonick\u00e9 skvosty, \u010dasto doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0jejich ch\u00e1tr\u00e1n\u00ed a demolic\u00edm.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Obchodn\u00ed domy se budovaly v\u00a0centrech m\u011bst a nach\u00e1z\u00ed se v\u00a0lukrativn\u00edch lokalit\u00e1ch, co\u017e jim \u010dasto napomohlo k za\u0159azen\u00ed na seznam kulturn\u00edho d\u011bdictv\u00ed. S historick\u00fdmi obchodn\u00edmi domy se v\u0161ak z\u00e1rove\u0148 poj\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1klady na \u00fadr\u017ebu a ztrat\u00ed-li svou p\u016fvodn\u00ed funkci, m\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t jejich dal\u0161\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed ztr\u00e1tov\u00fdm. \u0158e\u0161en\u00edm jsou tedy n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 rekonstrukce, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt oproti zbour\u00e1n\u00ed a stavb\u011b budovy nov\u00e9 pracn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a n\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1m v\u0161ak uchov\u00e1n\u00ed architektonick\u00e9 a historick\u00e9 hodnoty pro dal\u0161\u00ed generace a zachov\u00e1n\u00ed funkce budov udr\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00fd \u017eivot v\u00a0centrech a jejich okol\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mnoho kr\u00e1sn\u00fdch historick\u00fdch budov podlehlo demolici kv\u016fli komer\u010dn\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu vyu\u017eit\u00ed m\u00edsta investory. To nen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad prvorepublikov\u00e9ho obchodn\u00edho domu Brouk a Babka v \u010cesk\u00fdch Bud\u011bjovic\u00edch, kter\u00fd se dnes jmenuje Brouk\u00e1rna. I p\u0159es investice n\u011bkolika des\u00edtek milion\u016f je d\u016fm, kter\u00fd nen\u00ed pam\u00e1tkov\u011b chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00fd, ziskov\u00fd. V\u00a0dom\u011b funguje obchod s\u00a0od\u011bvy, bar a kancel\u00e1\u0159e. St\u00e1le funguje nap\u0159\u00edklad i v\u00edce ne\u017e osmdes\u00e1t let otev\u0159en\u00fd obchodn\u00ed d\u016fm Brouk a Babka v\u00a0Liberci, kter\u00fd je ozna\u010dov\u00e1n jako funkcionalistick\u00e1 perla architektury. Rekonstrukce, kterou b\u00fdval\u00fd majitel p\u0159ed lety provedl, lze pova\u017eovat za jednu z nejzda\u0159ilej\u0161\u00edch rekonstrukc\u00ed funkcionalistick\u00fdch staveb v\u00a0republice.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm objektem je obchodn\u00ed d\u016fm Breda, kter\u00fd p\u0159iv\u00edtal sv\u00e9 prvn\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edky ji\u017e v\u00a0roce 1928. Jednalo se o nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed stavbu sv\u00e9ho druhu v \u010ceskoslovensku, kter\u00e1 ohromovala modernistick\u00fdm architektonick\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm. Dnes ch\u00e1traj\u00edc\u00ed budovu se d\u00edky podpo\u0159e ve\u0159ejnosti a Spolku na z\u00e1chranu obchodn\u00edho domu Breda rozhodlo m\u011bsto Opava odkoupit a nyn\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed z\u00edskat podn\u011bty pro mo\u017en\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby vyu\u017eit\u00ed pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9ho prostoru. Komplexn\u00ed participativn\u00ed proces navr\u017een\u00fd Participation Factory umo\u017en\u00ed zainteresovan\u00fdm akt\u00e9r\u016fm a ve\u0159ejnosti navrhnout a sd\u00edlet jejich vlastn\u00ed p\u0159edstavu o tom, k \u010demu by budova m\u011bla slou\u017eit. N\u00e1pady na funkci a po\u017eadavky ob\u010dan\u016f se pak stanou z\u00e1kladn\u00edm v\u00fdchodiskem pro dal\u0161\u00ed nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s budovou.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00e1tr\u00e1n\u00ed a demolice historick\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch dom\u016f nejsou probl\u00e9mem pouze v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1ni\u00ed bylo od roku 2015 \u00fadajn\u011b uzav\u0159eno v\u00edce ne\u017e 50 % historick\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch dom\u016f v zemi, co\u017e vedlo k\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 petice proti navrhovan\u00e9 demolici obchodn\u00edho domu Marks & Spencer na Oxford Street v centru Lond\u00fdna. Architekti, historici a experti na pam\u00e1tkovou p\u00e9\u010di z organizace <\/span>Save Britain\u2019s Heritage<\/span><\/i> volaj\u00ed po modernizaci a op\u011btovn\u00e9m vyu\u017eit\u00ed (<\/span>adaptive reuse<\/span><\/i>) historick\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch dom\u016f po cel\u00e9\u00a0 zemi, kter\u00e9 by napomohlo\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9ho historick\u00e9ho statusu pro b\u00fdval\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed pal\u00e1ce ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vlivem rostouc\u00ed klimatick\u00e9 krize a souvisej\u00edc\u00ed pot\u0159eby zaveden\u00ed nov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu ve stavebnictv\u00ed by demolice m\u011bla b\u00fdt pova\u017eov\u00e1na za posledn\u00ed mo\u017enost. Modernizace a podpora inovac\u00ed star\u00fdch budov se mus\u00ed st\u00e1t b\u011b\u017en\u00fdm standardem v souladu s nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi sou\u010dasn\u00fdmi standardy udr\u017eitelnosti. Pro v\u00fdstavbu nov\u00fdch budov je nedostatek m\u00edsta a je nutn\u00e9 v\u011bnovat mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pozornost dopadu zt\u011blesn\u011bn\u00e9ho uhl\u00edku vytvo\u0159en\u00e9ho novou v\u00fdstavbou. Proto je pot\u0159eba vynalo\u017eit ve\u0161ker\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed na op\u011btovn\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed a rehabilitaci budov, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1me.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

S n\u00e1sledn\u00fdm vyu\u017eit\u00edm prostor\u016f budov m\u016f\u017ee pomoci participace <\/span>propojuj\u00edc\u00ed zainteresovanou ve\u0159ejnost s experty, jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je nal\u00e9zt udr\u017eiteln\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. Nov\u00e1 funkce navr\u017eena p\u0159\u00edmo lidmi, kte\u0159\u00ed budou prostor vyu\u017e\u00edvat, p\u0159isp\u011bje nejen ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed kvality \u017eivota a vztahu lid\u00ed k prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00fdm jsou obklopeni<\/span>, ale tak\u00e9<\/span> zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bry mezi obyvateli m\u011bsta a jeho \u00fa\u0159adem, organizacemi a institucemi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zdroje<\/b><\/p>\n

Zdroj obr\u00e1zku: architonic.com<\/p>\n

BBC Culture. A history of the department store [online]. 2015. Dostupn\u00e9 z: <\/span>https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/culture\/bespoke\/story\/20150326-a-history-of-the-department-store\/index.html<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Breda \u017eije [online]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: <\/span>https:\/\/bredazije.cz<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

KOVA\u0158\u00cdK, Tom\u00e1\u0161. Ch\u00e1traj\u00edc\u00ed i chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed domy z \u00e9ry socialismu, \u010d\u00e1st prvn\u00ed: Lesk a sl\u00e1va [online]. 2019. Dostupn\u00e9 z: <\/span>https:\/\/www.estav.cz\/cz\/8031.chatrajici-i-chranene-obchodni-domy-z-ery-socialismu-lesk-a-slava<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

LEBOV\u00c1, Valentina. Historick\u00e9 budovy s novou tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed: Kulturn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed star\u00e9 Prahy [online]. 2022. Dostupn\u00e9 z: <\/span>https:\/\/www.lp-life.cz\/historicke-budovy-s-novou-tvari<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

NILAND, Josh. An English department store demo could create a new special historic status for former retail palaces across the UK. Archinect: news [online]. 2022. Dostupn\u00e9 z: <\/span>https:\/\/archinect.com\/news\/article\/150321509\/an-english-department-store-demo-could-create-a-new-special-historic-status-for-former-retail-palaces-across-the-uk<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

PRESS RELEASE: MP and property developers back SAVE, arguing all \u2018demolition must now be last resort\u2019. <\/span>SAVEBritainsHeritage Retweeted<\/span><\/i> [online]. 2022. Dostupn\u00e9 z: <\/span>https:\/\/www.savebritainsheritage.org\/campaigns\/item\/821\/PRESS-RELEASE-MP-and-property-developers-back-SAVE-arguing-all-demolition-must-now-be-last-resort<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Prvorepublikov\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed domy. StavbaWEB [online]. 2018. Dostupn\u00e9 z: <\/span>https:\/\/www.stavbaweb.cz\/prvorepublikove-obchodni-domy-19730\/clanek.html<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(zdroj: architonic.com) Mohou se star\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed domy srovn\u00e1vat s\u00a0nale\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdmi n\u00e1kupn\u00edmi centry a\u00a0internetov\u00fdmi obchody? Daj\u00ed se jejich prostory pova\u017eovat za kulturn\u00ed pam\u00e1tky? M\u016f\u017ee ve\u0159ejnost porazit developery a pomoci z\u00e1chran\u011b historick\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch dom\u016f? Jak se daj\u00ed jejich prostory vyu\u017e\u00edt? Odpov\u011bd\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt participace.\u00a0 Prvn\u00ed obchodn\u00ed d\u016fm na sv\u011bt\u011b byl otev\u0159en v\u00a0Lond\u00fdn\u011b v\u00a0roce 1796. V\u00a0\u010cesku jsme se toho […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1933,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[328],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1932","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-cs-cs"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFenom\u00e9n star\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch dom\u016f: souboj minulosti s p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed - Participation Factory<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/participationfactory.com\/cs\/fenomen-starych-obchodnich-domu-souboj-minulosti-s-pritomnosti\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fenom\u00e9n star\u00fdch obchodn\u00edch dom\u016f: souboj minulosti s p\u0159\u00edtomnost\u00ed - Participation Factory\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(zdroj: architonic.com) Mohou se star\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed domy srovn\u00e1vat s\u00a0nale\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdmi n\u00e1kupn\u00edmi centry a\u00a0internetov\u00fdmi obchody? 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